ÍÕ¡¤ÇÒÁËÁÒÂ˹Öè§ à·¤â¹âÅÂÕ (TECHNOLOGY)
        à»ç¹¡ÒùÓàÍÒá¹Ç¤ÇÒÁ¤Ô´ ËÅÑ¡¡Òà ෤¹Ô¤ ¤ÇÒÁÃÙé ÃÐàºÕºÇÔ¸Õ ¡Ãкǹ¡ÒõÅÍ´¨¹¼Å¼ÅÔµ·Ò§ÇÔ·ÂÒÈÒʵÃì ·Ñé§ã¹´éÒ¹ÊÔ觻ÃдÔÉ°ìáÅÐÇÔ¸Õ¡Òû¯ÔºÑµÔÁÒ»ÃÐÂØ¡µìãªéã¹Ãкº§Ò¹ à¾×èͪèÇÂãËéà¡Ô´¡ÒÃà»ÅÕè¹á»Å§ã¹¡Ò÷ӧҹãËé´Õ¢Öé¹ áÅÐà¾×èÍà¾ÔèÁ»ÃÐÊÔ·¸ÔÀÒ¾áÅлÃÐÊÔ·¸Ô¼Å¢Í§§Ò¹¹Ñé¹ãËéÁÕÁÒ¡¢Öé¹´éÇÂ

à·¤â¹âÅÂÕ·Ò§¡ÒÃÈÖ¡ÉÒ (EDUCATION TECHNOLOGY)
        à»ç¹¡ÒûÃÐÂØ¡µì¹ÓàÍҺؤ¤Å ͧ¤ì¡Ã ¡Ãкǹ¡ÒÃáÅмżÅÔµ¢Í§à·¤â¹âÅÂÕ·Ò§´éÒ¹ÇÑÊ´Ø ÍØ»¡Ã³ì à·¤¹Ô¤ÇÔ¸Õ¡ÒÃ
ÃÇÁ¶Ö§ËÅÑ¡¡Ò÷ҧ´éÒ¹¨ÔµÇÔ·ÂÒÁÒãªé à¾×èͪèÇÂá¡é»Ñ­ËÒ´éÒ¹¡ÒèѴ¡Òà ¡ÒúÃÔËÒà áÅСÒûÃѺ»Ãا´éÒ¹¡ÒÃàÃÕ¹¡ÒÃÊ͹

à·¤â¹âÅÂÕ¡ÒÃÊ͹ (INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNOLOGY)
        à»ç¹¡ÒùÓàÍÒÊ×èÍ»ÃÐàÀ·µèÒ§ æ à·¤¹Ô¤ÇÔ¸Õ¡Òà ÇÔ¸ÕÃкºà¾×èÍ¡ÒÃÍ͡Ẻ¡ÒÃÊ͹ áÅÐËÅÑ¡¡ÒôéÒ¹¨ÔµÇÔ·ÂÒ Êѧ¤ÁÈÒʵÃì
áÅÐÇÔ·ÂÒÈÒʵÃì¡ÒÂÀÒ¾ ÃÇÁ¶Ö§¡ÒÃÊ×èÍÊÒâͧÁ¹ØÉÂìÁÒãªéà¾×èÍà¾ÔèÁ»ÃÐÊÔ·¸ÔÀÒ¾¡ÒÃàÃÕ¹¡ÒÃÊ͹

ÅѡɳТͧ෤â¹âÅÂÕ ¨Óṡä´é 3 ÅѡɳР¤×Í
        1. Technology as a process - à·¤â¹âÅÂÕã¹ÅѡɳТͧ¡Ãкǹ¡ÒÃãªéá¡é»Ñ­ËÒ´éÒ¹µèÒ§ æ
        2. Technology as product - à·¤â¹âÅÂÕã¹ÅѡɳТͧ¼Å¼ÅÔµ
        3. Technology as a mix of process and product - à·¤â¹âÅÂÕã¹ÅѡɳмÊÁ¢Í§¡Ãкǹ¡ÒÃáÅмżÅÔµ

                                                                                                                                                                            31/10/41

¹Ç¡ÃÃÁ (Innovation) ËÁÒ¶֧
        á¹Ç¤ÇÒÁ¤Ô´ ¡Òû¯ÔºÑµÔ ËÃ×ÍÊÔ觻ÃдÔÉ°ìãËÁè æ ·ÕèÂѧäÁèà¤ÂÁÕãªéÁÒ¡è͹ ËÃ×Í¡ÒôѴá»Å§¨Ò¡¢Í§à´ÔÁãËé·Ñ¹ÊÁÑ áÅÐãªéä´é´ÕÂÔ觢Öé¹ àÁ×è͹ÓÊÔè§ãËÁèàËÅèÒ¹ÕéÁÒãªé㹡Ò÷ӧҹáÅéÇ ¨Ð·ÓãËé¡Ò÷ӧҹ¹Ñé¹ÁÕ»ÃÐÊÔ·¸ÔÀÒ¾áÅлÃÐÊÔ·¸Ô¼Å´Õ¢Öé¹

¡Ãкǹ¡ÒþѲ¹Ò¢Í§¹Ç¡ÃÃÁ / ¹Çѵ¡ÃÃÁ ÁÕÅӴѺ¢Ñ鹵͹´Ñ§¹Õé (Thomas hug)

àÃÔèÁµé¹¨Ò¡                                                                        ¤ÇÒÁ¤Ô´ (Idea)

                                                                                                                                                                             7/11/41

¤ÇÒÁËÁÒ¢ͧ»ÃСÒȹÕºѵÃÇÔªÒªÕ¾
        »ÃСÒȹÕºѵÃÇÔªÒªÕ¾ à»ç¹¡ÒÃãËé¡ÒÃÂÍÁÃѺÍÂèÒ§à»ç¹·Ò§¡ÒÃá¡è¼Ùéã´¼Ùé˹Öè§ â´Â˹èǧҹÍÔÊÃзÕè·Ó˹éÒ·ÕèµÃǨÊͺáÅÐ
»ÃÐàÁÔ¹§Ò¹¢Í§¼Ùé¹Ñé¹ æ ´éÇÂࡳ±ìÁҵðҹ·Õè¡Ó˹´¢Öé¹ «Öè§Áҵðҹ (stadard) ÍÒ¨¨ÐᵡµèÒ§¡Ñ¹ä»µÒÁÅѡɳТͧÇÔªÒªÕ¾ ·ÕèÊèǹãË­è¨Ðà»ç¹ÊÁÒªÔ¡¢Í§ÊÁÒ¤ÁÇÔªÒªÕ¾, ¼èÒ¹¡ÒÃÊͺ»¯ÔºÑµÔ§Ò¹áÅÐÊÓàÃ稡ÒÃÈÖ¡ÉÒµÒÁËÅÑ¡Êٵ÷Õè¡Ó˹´
        ¡ÒÃä´éÃѺ㺻ÃСÒÈ áÊ´§ÇèÒ ¼Ùé¹Ñé¹ä´éÃѺ¡ÒÃÂÍÁÃѺÇèÒÁÕ¤ÇÒÁÃÙé áÅзѡÉÐ੾ÒдéÒ¹ ã¹ÃдѺ·ÕèÁÕ¤ÇÒÁÊÒÁÒöÊÙ§·ÕèÂÍÁÃѺä´é
        ¼Ùé·ÕèäÁèµéͧ¡Òà / äÁèä´é㺻ÃСÒÈ ¨ÐÊÒÁÒö·Ó§Ò¹ä´é áµèäÁèÊÒÁÒö¡ÃдѺµ¹àͧã¹ÇÔªÒªÕ¾ä´é

        ÁÕ¤Ó·ÕèÍÒ¨¨ÐÊѺʹ           Certification - »ÃСÒȹÕºѵÃ
                                                accredition - ¡ÒÃÂÍÁÃѺ㹤سÀÒ¾

¡ÒáÓ˹´¤ÇÒÁÊÒÁÒöã¹ÇÔªÒªÕ¾
        à¾×èÍ»¡»éͧ¼Å»ÃÐ⪹ì¢Í§¼ÙéºÃÔâÀ¤ (Consumer) ÊÁÒªÔ¡ã¹ÇÔªÒªÕ¾¹Ñé¹ ¨Óà»ç¹µéͧºÍ¡ãËéä´éÇèÒ à¾×è͹ÃèÇÁÇÔªÒªÕ¾ÁÕ¤ÇÒÁÃÙé·Õè¨Óà»ç¹ ÁÕ·Ñ¡ÉзÕè¨Óà»ç¹ã¹¡Ò÷ӧҹÍÂèÒ§ÁÕ»ÃÐÊÔ·¸ÔÀÒ¾
    ˹éÒ·Õè㹡ÒáÓ˹´¤Ø³ÊÁºÑµÔ´Ñ§¡ÅèÒÇ ¢Öé¹ÍÂÙè¡ÑºÊÒ¢ÒÇÔªÒªÕ¾¹Ñé¹ æ
    ·Ò§´éÒ¹ÇÔªÒªÕ¾ à·¤â¹âÅÂÕ·Ò§¡ÒÃÊ͹ ÁÕ 2 ˹èǧҹ·Õè·Ó ¤×Í AECT ¡Ñº NSTP
            AECT = Association for Education Communications and Technology
            NSPT = National Society for Performance and Instruction

        ʶҹÀÒ¾ÇԪҪվ෤â¹âÅÂÕ·Ò§¡ÒÃÈÖ¡ÉÒ
1. ÇԪҪվ෤â¹âÅÂÕ·Ò§¡ÒÃÈÖ¡ÉÒ/âʵ·ÑȹÈÖ¡ÉÒ ä´éÃѺ¡ÒÃÂÍÁÃѺÇèÒ à»ç¹ÍÒªÕ¾·ÕèÊӤѭÍҪվ˹Öè§
2. ÍѵÃÒµÓá˹è§ÇԪҪվ෤â¹Ï ¡ÃШÒÂÍÂÙèã¹Ë¹èǧҹµèÒ§ æ à»ç¹¨Ó¹Ç¹ÁÒ¡
3. ¤ÇÒÁ¡éÒÇ˹éÒ·Ò§ÇÔªÒªÕ¾
        - ¤ÃÙä´é¶Ö§ C 9 ·Ø¡ÊÒ§ҹ
4. ʶҺѹÃдѺÍØ´ÁÈÖ¡ÉÒ·Õè¼ÅÔµºØ¤Åҡôéҹ෤â¹Ï
        - ¤³ÐÈÖ¡ÉÒÈÒʵÃì
        - ¤³Ð¤ÃØÈÒʵÃì
        - ¤³Ð¤ÃØÈÒʵÃìÍصÊÒË¡ÃÃÁ
5. ͧ¤ì¡Ã·ÕèʹѺʹعÇԪҪվ෤â¹âÅÂÕ·Ò§¡ÒÃÈÖ¡ÉÒ
        - ÊÁÒ¤Áà·¤â¹âÅÂÕ·Ò§¡ÒÃÈÖ¡ÉÒ
        - AMIC (Asian Media Information Communication Contre)
        - AECT

ÇÔÇѲ¹Ò¡ÒÃ
1940 ~ 1950
        Âؤ WW.II à¡Ô´áç¡ÃеØé¹ËÃ×ͤÇÒÁµéͧ¡ÒÃÊ×èͨӹǹÁÒ¡ ¡ÒüÅÔµÊ×èÍã¹Âؤ¹Õé µéͧÍÒÈÑÂÊ×èÍ·Õè´ÕàÂÕèÂÁ ¨Ö§¨Ðãªé¼ÅÔµÊ×èÍ·Õè´Õä´é
        ã¹»Õ 1950 ËÅÒ æ âçàÃÕ¹ÁÕÇÔªÒ¡ÒüÅÔµÊ×èÍâʵ·ÑȹÈÖ¡ÉÒ´éÇÂ
        Ê×èÍã¹Âؤ¹Õé ä´éá¡è ÃÙ»ÀÒ¾, charts, poster, á¼è¹»éÒ¹Ôà·È, ÊäÅ´ì OHP, à·»ºÑ¹·Ö¡àÊÕ§ ¿ÔÅìÁʵÃÔ» ÊäÅ´ì tanternslide 5" x 5"
áÅÐÀҾ¹µÃì ¿ÔÅìÁ ASA 16 (¡ÒüÅÔµµéͧãªé·Ñ¡ÉÐÁÒ¡ à¢Õ¹µÑÇÍÑ¡Éà – äÁèÁÕà¤Ã×èͧªèÇÂÍÂèҧ㹻Ѩ¨ØºÑ¹

1960 ~ 1970
            à»ç¹Âؤ·Õèà¢éÒÊÙè Instruction media
            - àÃÔèÁãªéà¤Ã×èͧ©ÒÂÊäÅ´ìÍѵâ¹ÁѵÔ
            - ÊäÅ´ì 35 ÁÁ.
            - ¿ÔÅìÁäÇáʧÁÒ¡¢Öé¹
            - ÁÕà¤Ã×èͧ¶èÒÂá¼è¹ãʪ¹Ô´¤ÇÒÁÃé͹
            Âؤ¹Õé ÁÕ Model ¡ÒüÅÔµ/¡ÒþѲ¹Ò¡ÒüÅÔµÁÒ¡¢Öé¹ ÁÕ§Ò¹ÇÔ¨ÑÂÁÒ¡¢Öé¹ áµèÊèǹãË­è¨Ðà»ç¹ÇԨѡÒÃãªé àªè¹ ãªéÊÕ·ÕèᵡµèÒ§¡Ñ¹
¢¹Ò´¢Í§µÑÇÍÑ¡É÷ÕèᵡµèÒ§¡Ñ¹ ÏÅÏ à¾×è;Ѳ¹Ò Visual learning
            Ê×èÍàÃÔèÁãªé Audio Tape Ẻ Cassatte ÁÕ VDO á·¹ 16 m.m. Film ¿ÔÅìÁDiazo ËÁ´¤ÇÒÁ¹ÔÂÁ ÁÕ Wrico, Le Ray

1980 à»ç¹µé¹ÁÒ
            - laser printer
            - Video discs
            - hypermedia
            - Computer
            - Scanner

                ÏÅÏ
                                                                                                                                                                                            28/11/41

            ã¹Í´Õµ ËÁÒ¶֧ ¡ÒÃãªéÊ×è͵Ñé§áµèÊͧÊ×èÍ㹡ÃÇ»ÃÐʺ¡Òóì¢Í§ Edgar Dale ¹ÓÁÒãªé¾ÃéÍÁ æ ¡Ñ¹ã¹¡ÒÃàÃÕ¹¡ÒÃÊ͹
            Multimedia à»ç¹¡ÒüÊÁ¼ÊÒ¹¢Í§¡ÒùÓàʹÍÊͧÍÂèÒ§¢Öé¹ä» ÍÒ¨¨Ðà»ç¹ã¹ÃÙ»¢Í§ÀÒ¾¹Ô觡ѺÀÒ¾à¤Å×è͹äËÇ ËÃ×Í Animation ·ÕèãËéàÊÕ§áÅÐÀÒ¾¾ÃéÍÁ¡Ñ¹º¹¨Í¤ÍÁ¾ÔÇàµÍÃì
            Multimedia à»ç¹¡ÒÃÃÇÁàÍÒ (àʹÍ) µÑÇ˹ѧÊ×Í ÀÒ¾ àÊÕ§ áÅÐ Animation º¹¨Í¤ÍÁ¾ÔÇàµÍÃì
            Multimedia à»ç¹¼Å¢Í§¡ÒÃÃÇÁà·¤â¹âÅÂÕµèÒ§ æ àªè¹ à·¤â¹âÅÂÕ·Ò§¡ÒÃÈÖ¡ÉÒ, à·¤â¹âÅÂÕ¡ÒèѴÃкº¢éÍÁÙÅ, à·¤â¹âÅÂÕ¤ÍÁ¾ÔÇàµÍÃì áÅÐà·¤â¹âÅÂÕ·Ò§¡ÒÃÊ×èÍÊÒÃ

»ÃÐ⪹ì
            1. à¾×èÍ¡Òúѹà·Ô§
            2. à¾×èÍ·ÓÊ×èÍ¡ÒÃÊ͹ àªè¹ CAI (¤ÍÁ¾ÔÇàµÍÃìªèÇÂÊ͹), CBT (computer bais training) – ¤ÍÁ¾ÔÇàµÍÃìà¾×èÍ¡ÒÃͺÃÁ
            3. presentation
            4. 㹡ÒÃÍ͡Ẻ/¨ÓÅͧẺ·Ò§ÇÔÈÇ¡ÃÃÁ
            5. Å´àÇÅÒ㹡ÒõԴµèÍÊ×èÍÊÒÃ

㹻Ѩ¨ØºÑ¹
            ¤ÇÒÁËÁÒÂáÅÐÃٻẺà»ÅÕè¹á»Å§ä» à¹×èͧ¨Ò¡ÇÔÇѲ¹Ò¡Òâͧ Tecnology Computer ¨Ö§ÁÕ¤ÇÒÁËÁÒµèÒ§¡Ñ¹ÍÍ¡ä» àªè¹

ED. Technology
            ã¹àÃ×èͧ¢Í§¡ÒèѴÃкºáÅÐÇÔ¸Õ¡ÒÃàÃÕ¹ÃÙéµÒÁËÅÑ¡¡ÒÃáÅзÄɮաÒÃàÃÕ¹ÃÙé
Data – based Technology
            ¡ÒèѴà¡çºÃǺÃÇÁ¢éÍÁÙÅáÅÐáËÅ觤ÇÒÁÃÙéãËéÍÂÙèã¹Ãкº·Õè¤ÍÁ¾ÔÇàµÍÃìÊÒÁÒöàÃÕ¡ÍÍ¡ÁÒãªéä´é·Ñ¹·èǧ·Õ
Telecommunication Technology
            ªèÇÂãËéà¡Ô´ Network ¡ÒÃÊ×èÍÊÒâéÍÁÙÅ
Computing Technology
            »Ñ¨¨ØºÑ¹ãªéà»ç¹Ê×èÍ㹡ÒùÓàʹÍÀÒ¾ , àÊÕ§, ¡ÒþÔÁ¾ì

à¤Ã×èͧÁ×Í
            Computer Multimedia
            Modem (modulator/demodulator)
            CODEC (Coder – decoder)
            TNC (Terminal node Controller) ãªé㹡ÒÃÊ觢éÍÁÙÅ·ÕèàÃÕ¡ÇèÒ Package radio â´Âãªé¤Å×è¹ÇÔ·ÂØ
Hypertex
Hypermedia
            - ãªé¨Íà´ÕÂǡѹ
Interactive Video
            - ¨Í TV, Computer ᡡѹ
Video Disc
            1. Capacistance
                    - CED (Capacistance Electronic Divice) 450 RPM
                    - VHD (very High Density) 900 RPM
2. Optical
                    - LV (Laser Vision) 1,500 RPM
                    - VCD (Video CD)
                    - CDV (CD video)
                    CD ROM (Compact Disc – Read Only Memory) àÊé¹¼èÒ¹ÈÙ¹Âì¡ÅÒ§ 4.75 ¹ÔéÇ (120 ÁÁ.) Ë¹Ò 1.2 ÁÁ. ÊÒÁÒöºÃèآéÍÁÙÅä´éÁÒ¡ÁÒ à·èҡѺ˹ѧÊ×Í»ÃÐÁÒ³ 226,000 ˹éÒ ËÃ×Íà·èҡѺ Floppy Disk »ÃÐÁÒ³ 3,500 á¼è¹
                    CD – WORM (Compact Disc – Write Once, Read Many Times)
                    CD – R ¢¹Ò´à·èÒ CD ºÑ¹·Ö¡ä´é¤ÃÑé§à´ÕÂÇ
                    CDI (Compact Disc – Interactive) ¼ÙéãªéÊÒÁÒöÁÕ»¯ÔÊÑÁ¾Ñ¹¸ì àªè¹ ÊÒÁÒöÃкÒÂÊÕŧã¹ÀÒ¾ä´é

                                                                                                                                                                                                        26/12/41

ã¹á§è´Õ
            1. âš᤺ŧ
            2. à»ç¹ Multimedia ÁÒ¡¢Öé¹
            3. à»ç¹ÊèǹµÑÇÁÒ¡¢Öé¹
            4. ÃҤҶ١ŧ
            5. ¤Ø³ÀÒ¾´Õ¢Öé¹

´éÒ¹µèÒ§ æ ·Õè¶Ù¡¡Ãзº
            1. ¸ØáԨ
            2. Entertainment
            3. Education
            4. ¡ÒÃÃÑ¡ÉÒ¾ÂÒºÒÅ

Interaction Brovider
            1. ÃÒ¡Òà TV
            2. ÃÒ¡ÒÃÇÔ·ÂØ
            3. ÈÖ¡ÉÒ·Ò§ä¡Å (Distant Learning)
            4. ËÁÍ·Ò§ä¡Å (Tele medicine)
            5. Internet Hosts
            6. Video Conference
            7. LAN (Home Offices)
            8. àÅè¹ Games µèÒ§ æ
            9. E – mail, EDI, Paperless business
            10. Electronic Newspaper
            11. Multimedia Services
            12. Teleshopping
            13. Mini  Movie  Theaters
            14. ¸¹Ò¤Òà Electronic

ÃÒ¡ÒÃÇÔ·ÂØ
            1. ¤Ø³ÀÒ¾àÊÕ§´Õ¢Öé¹
            2. ãªé¤¹¹éÍÂŧ
            3. ÁÕ Digital Signal Process
            4. Scarch ä´éàÃçÇ

                                                                                                                                                                                9/1/42

                                                                                                                                                                                                16/1/42